9 Signs of Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Narcissism vs. Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Having occasional narcissistic tendencies, such as boasting or seeking attention, is normal. However, narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) is a more severe condition, affecting various situations and making relationships difficult. Dr. Zachary Rosenthal, a clinical psychologist at Duke Health, sheds light on NPD, its symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.
Dr. Rosenthal explains NPD symptoms, the diagnostic process, and his tailored approach to treating individuals with the disorder.
Symptoms of Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD)
The acronym “SPECIAL ME” can help identify the nine key traits of NPD:
SPECIAL ME:
- Sense of self-importance
- Preoccupation with power, beauty, or success
- Entitled
- Can only associate with important or special people
- Interpersonally exploitative for personal gain
- Arrogant
- Lack empathy
- Must be admired
- Envious of others or believe others are envious of them
Diagnosing NPD:
Mental health professionals diagnose NPD through structured interviews to assess behavior patterns. A diagnosis requires displaying at least five of the SPECIAL ME traits consistently.
Is NPD Genetic?
NPD is not inherited, and there is no specific gene responsible for it. Environmental factors play a significant role. Children who are constantly told they are exceptional and deserve the best, often at the expense of others, may develop NPD. These children may be praised for traits like confidence but not for empathy.
Are Narcissists Bad People?
Narcissists are not inherently bad; their behavior is problematic. They have been conditioned to believe they are superior and deserve preferential treatment, which shapes their approach to life.
Can You Have a Relationship with Someone with NPD?
Relationships with someone who has NPD can be difficult. Narcissists prioritize themselves, which can leave others feeling diminished and affect their mental health. Setting boundaries is essential, but maintaining them can be challenging. Instead of labeling your partner as a narcissist, it’s more helpful to focus on your well-being and what you are willing to tolerate.
Can NPD Be Treated?
Yes, but change requires time and effort. People with NPD rarely seek help on their own, and if they do, it is often due to another issue, like anxiety. There is no specific medication or therapy for NPD, so treatment is personalized. Building trust with the patient is key, and with a willingness to change, recovery is possible.
